Practical English

Vocabulary

Two thousand words used confidently will take you further than ten thousand words recognised vaguely.

A method that works for adults

  1. Five words a week, not fifty

    Fifty words a week produces fifty half-known words and a sense of failure. Five words, properly learnt, are five words you own.

  2. Write each one in a sentence about your own life

    Not the dictionary sentence — yours. The bus was overcrowded this morning will stay with you. Overcrowded: too full will not.

  3. Learn the word's company

    Words travel in groups. Learn make a mistake, do homework, take a decision, heavy rain — not just the single word.

  4. Say it aloud five times

    A word you have only read is a word you will hesitate over. Saying it puts it in your mouth as well as your memory.

  5. Come back to it

    Look at last week's words at the start of each new week. Repetition after a gap is what makes a word permanent.

  6. Use it within three days

    In a conversation, a message, or a note to yourself. A word used once is remembered; a word only studied is not.

Everyday vocabulary you will use this week

SituationWords and phrases worth knowing
ShoppingHow much is this? Do you have a smaller size? Can I pay by card? Could I have a receipt? Is there a discount?
Travelreturn ticket, one way, platform, departure, delayed, seat number, luggage, Does this bus go to…?
Appointmentsmake an appointment, cancel, postpone, reschedule, I am running late, Are you free on…?
HealthI have a headache, a temperature, a prescription, a check-up, How long will it take to heal?
Moneydeposit, withdraw, balance, instalment, receipt, refund, an account, a fee
DirectionsTurn left at the junction, opposite, next to, straight on, about ten minutes' walk, Is it far?
The telephoneCould I speak to…? Speaking. Hold on a moment. The line is bad. Could you call back?
DifficultySorry, I did not catch that. Could you say that more slowly? What does … mean? Could you spell it?

Learn word families, not single words

One root gives you four or five words. This is the cheapest vocabulary you will ever gain.

  • decide (verb) — decision (noun) — decisive (adjective)
  • succeedsuccesssuccessfulsuccessfully
  • employemployeremployeeemploymentunemployed
  • advise (verb) — advice (noun) — adviser
  • ableabilityenableunable
  • agreeagreementdisagreedisagreement

Prefixes and suffixes: hundreds of words for very little effort

  • un-, in-, im-, dis-, mis- reverse a meaning: unhappy, incorrect, impossible, disagree, misunderstand
  • re- means again: rewrite, rebuild, reconsider
  • over- and under- mean too much and too little: overcrowded, overcooked, underpaid, underestimate
  • -less means without: careless, homeless, useless
  • -ful means full of: careful, helpful, powerful
  • -er, -or, -ist make the person who does it: teacher, actor, dentist
  • -tion, -ment, -ness make a noun: decision, agreement, kindness

Practise

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