with and without Of ESL Lesson Plan (B2, 60 Minutes)

Who it is for. Upper-intermediate students who use basic quantifiers accurately. They make errors with quantifiers for groups: Both of flats are nice, Neither flat don't have a balcony, Every students has, and they are unsure whether None of them has or None of them have is correct. They rarely use either or neither in speech.

Everything the lesson needs is on this page: the language analysis, the timed stages with the teacher's own words and instruction-checking questions, the differentiation, the printable handouts and the answer key.

Main aim. To clarify and practise quantifiers for two (both, either, neither) and for three or more (all, none, each, every), with and without of + determiner / pronoun, and their verb agreement.

Learning outcome. By the end of the lesson, students can compare options and reach a decision, e.g. Both flats are near the university, but neither of them has parking. None of the three flats allows pets. Each room has its own bathroom.

• Subsidiary aim. To practise comparing options.
• Subsidiary aim. To develop fluency in a negotiation about choosing a flat.

What to know before the lesson: the meaning, form and pronunciation of the target language, and the problems learners usually have with it.

• neither already is negative: Neither flat has a balcony (not doesn't have).
• both ... and, either ... or, neither ... nor: Neither the kitchen nor the bathroom is clean.
• of is needed before pronouns: both of them (not both them); every cannot take of.
• Short answers: "Which one do you prefer?" "Either. / Neither. / Both." and Me neither.

• either /ˈaɪðə/ or /ˈiːðə/; neither /ˈnaɪðə/ or /ˈniːðə/; both are correct.
• Stress the quantifier in contrast: NEITHER of them has a garden.

• Neither of the flats has a balcony. Does the first flat have a balcony? (No.) The second? (No.) · Why has, not doesn't have? (Neither is already negative.)
• You can choose either room. How many rooms are there? (Two.) Can you choose one? (Yes, one or the other; it doesn't matter.)
• Each room has a fan. Do all the rooms have a fan? (Yes.) Are we thinking about the rooms one by one or as a group? (One by one.)

8 out of 10 or better on Handout 3, Exercise A. In the negotiation, students use of correctly before pronouns and no double negatives with neither. Students use singular verbs after each and every.

Did students stop saying Neither ... doesn't? Did the secret priorities create real negotiation?

Name: ______________________________ Date: ______________

To: Dinithi, Shehan, Kavya Subject: The two flats in Kandy

Hi everyone,

I went to see both flats yesterday. Both of them are near the university and both have Wi-Fi, so either would be fine for getting to lectures. However, neither of them has parking, so Shehan, you'll need to leave your scooter on the street.

The first flat (Peradeniya Road) is cheaper, but none of the bedrooms has a fan, and the kitchen is very small. All of the windows face the main road, so it's noisy.

The second flat (Hantana) is more expensive, but each bedroom has its own bathroom, and every room has a ceiling fan. All of us would have more space. The landlady said neither the water bill nor the electricity bill is included, though.

Honestly, I'd choose the second one. What do you all think? We need to decide by Friday because each of the flats has other people interested.

Tharushi

Answer the questions.

• What do both flats have? ______________________________
• What problem do both flats share? ______________________________
• Why is the first flat noisy? ______________________________
• Which bills are not included in the second flat? ______________________________

Remember

• Neither is negative: Neither flat has parking. (not doesn't have)
• Use of before the / my / these and pronouns: both of them, each of the rooms.
• every of ✗ → every one of.

Name: ______________________________ Date: ______________

A. Choose the correct option.

B. Rewrite the sentences using the word given.

• Both / Either my brothers live in Colombo.
• I've got two pens. You can use either / both of them.
• Neither / Either of my parents speaks French.
• Every / All student needs a library card.
• None / Neither of the five candidates was suitable.
• Each / All of the rooms has a desk.
• Neither of us likes / doesn't like spicy food.
• All / Every of my friends were at the party.
• You can pay by cash or / nor card. Either is fine.
• I asked three shops, but none / neither of them had it.
• The first restaurant was closed. The second restaurant was closed too. (neither) → ______________________________
• Anil can swim and Sunil can swim. (both) → ______________________________
• Not one of the students passed the test. (none) → ______________________________
• All the children got a present. (each) → ______________________________

Secret priority cards (cut up)

Our decision: Flat ______ because ______________________________

Handout 1

Handout 3, Exercise A

Handout 3, Exercise B

Handout 4 (possible solution)

No flat meets every priority. Flat B costs Rs. 22,500 each (too expensive for Student 1). Flat A has no parking and is noisy. Flat C (Rs. 17,500 each, quiet, parking) suits Students 1, 2 and 3, but Student 4 must take the bus. Any decision is acceptable if students justify it.

Common errors to watch for

• They're both near the university and both have Wi-Fi. · 2. Neither of them has parking. · 3. All of the windows face the main road. · 4. Neither the water bill nor the electricity bill.
• Both · 2. either · 3. Neither · 4. Every · 5. None · 6. Each · 7. likes · 8. All · 9. or · 10. none
• Neither restaurant was open. / Neither of the restaurants was open. · 2. Both Anil and Sunil can swim. / Both of them can swim. · 3. None of the students passed the test. · 4. Each child got a present. / Each of the children got a present.